Abstract: The Product “Automatic switch for water pump” is designed to control the switching of water pump and to reduce the amount of wastages of water as well as electricity. The mechanism of our product is to take two different input data from water and to process them from JK flip-flop then passed through the Relay to control the switching action in proper time. This product is basically designed for house owner with water pump in our country

OBJECTIVES: 1. To save Electricity as well as Electric bill. 2. Appropriate running of water pump. 3. To eliminate the concern about water pump switch on and off. 4. To ensure the availability of water in water tank.

Introduction: Electricity and water are the most valuable properties for any country. In our country, the want of electricity and water are the burning question. Load shedding has become a very common problem in our daily life. Water also plays a vital role in our life. To perform any sort of family task water is must. Nowadays most probably every house, office, industry and etc. use water pump for needed water. But switching on and off the water pump is a boring task. And most of the times we forget to start water pump in appropriate time or even we start may forget to switch off the water pump, for that reason there is a huge wastage of water as well as the electricity. To solve these sorts of problem we’ve made an automatic switch for water pump. This will start the water pump when the water level fall a certain predetermine level and will automatically shut off the pump when the water rise in the over flow level

Generated concept: At first the concept that we’ve generated about the automatic switch for water pump was based on mechanical action of lifting force of water in the water tank. But the concept was not so reliable due to its mechanism. That’s why we searched for a new modified concept so that will eliminate the drawbacks of the previous concept, and after a hard work of our group members we’ve finally built a new modified concept so that will eliminate the conflict of the previous concept. In the new concept we’ve implemented JK flip-flop (a Control circuit) and Relay in absence of the mechanical portion.

Equipments: The unique parts used in this project are listed bellow,  For switching purpose: 1. JK duel flip-flop (HEF4027B) 2. Push button switch 3. Relay 4. Wire 5. 3.5 mm jack 6. 3.5mm socket

Mechanism of automatic switch: 1. A push button switch is attached to the aluminum rod in a desired lower level of water tank. And another is to the upper level. 2. The switch can be on/off by the uplift force of water. 3. The lower level switch is connected to the SD input of the JK flip-flop. 4. The upper level switch is connected to the CD input of the JK flip-flop. 5. When no water gets contact with the liver of lower level switch it produces HIGH output. But when the water raises the liver of lower level switch get pulled up so it produces LOW output. 6. But for the upper level switch, when no water gets contact with the liver of upper level switch it produces LOW output. But when the water raises the liver of upper level switch get pulled up so it produces HIGH output.When there is no water in lower level switch (A) it will generate output HIGH (Availability of current) and consequently the upper level switch (B) will generate output LOW (No current) so the output of JK flip-flop will be HIGH (Availability of current) regarding to the truth table of JK flipflop. We pass this current to a 6V relay which will switch on the power supply of the water pump. So the pump switched on. 8. Now the water level will increase but not high enough to get contact with the upper level switch, then the lower level switch will pulled up by the lifting action of water so the J input gets LOW (No current) consequently the B generate output LOW (No current). So the output of the JK flip-flop will get no change so the relay will maintain the previous state as it was (Switched ON). 9. When the water get contact with the upper level switch then the upper level switch will pulled up and the CD input gets HIGH (Availability of current) when the J input generates LOW (No current) then the flip-flop will change its state from “NO CHANGE” to LOW (No current) so the relay will switched off and so the water pump will. 10. Now again when the water level gets lower but not enough to release the lower level switch the flipflop will generate NO CHANGE state means the relay will not switched on and so the motor will. 11. When the water level fall low enough to release the lower level switch so the SD input gets HIGH while the CD input remains LOW the flip-flop will change its state from “NO CHANGE” to HIGH and thus the relay will get current for switching On the Pump. And this process will continue in this sequence. 12. When reservoir check is enabled, the whole circuit will only get a closed loop when switch C is ON. That means there is available water in the reservoir for pumping purpose. If disabled then, it’ll consider Switch C is ON by default.

 Advantages of our automatic water pump switch: 1. Corrosion Free. 2. Sturdy and durable, need not maintain. 3. No current / voltage is passed through water, therefore no electrolysis. 4. Long life. 5. Rust proof (The switch is made with stillness steel and covered with water tight pack) 6. Can be used in hard water -fuel-such as diesel, kerosene, oil etc. 7. Save of electricity due to perfect timing of water pump operation. 8. Elimination of concern about the water pump switching ON/OFF. 9. Elimination of embracing situation due to water scarcity. 10. The cost is amazingly low compared to other existing market product. (Only 296 Tk!!! Where the existing product is about 1500 Tk) 11. Compact size. 12. Ease of use. 13. Two motor can be control at the same time with two different inputs. 14. Reservoir check condition, for the first time in Bangladesh. 15. Completely home technology, so some foreign currency can be saved due to import of the switch.

. Applications: 1. Bungalows 2. Hospitals 3. Factories 4. Hotels and restaurants 5. Commercial centers 6. All places with water tanks

Discussion: From several concepts this concept was selected finally, but it was very difficult to complete this project within this short time. Due to the shortage of time and unavailability of different customized parts, we didn’t make it too perfect as we expected. There are some limitations in our product but we’ve kept scope for further modification by which our product can be more reliable and acceptable. However it was a new and very exciting experience for us. It was good team work where every member contributed little or more. By this course we’ve leant (at least some) how to implement the theory of PDD in product design and development area. For giving us this opportunity we’re very grateful to our most respectable teacher.

Conclusion: The different characteristics of the JK flip-flop is studied carefully and implemented in our circuit design to build up the switch. In the course of the project, different kinds of ICs are analyzed and implemented them practically in the circuit design. Finally, with the appropriate circuit design and its hardware implementation, the automated switch is successfully built. 

 

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