ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of road infrastructure around the world, the volume of the vehicle on the road network increases which leads to traffic Congestion. The exact situation exists in major Indian cities. Traffic congestions are amongst the top list of the problems faced in India. This is mainly caused due to the rapid surprise in the number of vehicles in a short period. To overcome such an impact of traffic congestions, it is required to develop a new traffic control system. The human population in cities is increasing day by day and therefore number of vehicles is increasing exponentially. The proposed system would be based on the measurement of the actual traffic density on the road. The theme is to control the traffic by determining the traffic density on each side of the four roads and enabling a controlling option of the traffic signal to the user through a software application.Traffic control signals have been playing significant role in managing traffic flow in cities. But the conventional traffic control signals fail in time management. It allocates equal time slots to each road irrespective of the traffic density. This creates unnecessary waiting for drivers, which is not possible every time. Therefore, we propose density-based traffic control system, which allocates different time slots to each road according to vehicle density. The vehicle density is measured in three zones low, medium and high. The traffic density in each lane is measured using IR sensors. Accordingly, the traffic signal lights give the green light based on the vehicle density. This requires development of a system to handle traffic in a smart way by automatically adjusting its timing based on traffic density using Arduino Nano ATMega328P. In this, traffic is sense using digital IR Sensors and IR Sensors detect vehicles further based on the signal reflected from them.

 

MIFRATECH CONTENTS PROVIDED ARE:

CHAPTER 1

1.1  INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 2

2.1 OBJECTIVE

2.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

2.3 PROPOSED SYSTEM

CHAPTER 3

3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

3.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

3.3 METHODOLOGY

CHAPTER 4

4.1 LITERATURE SURVEY

4.2 MOTIVATION

4.3 SCOPE OF THE TOPIC

CHAPTER 5

5.1 CONCLUSION

5.2 REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER 1

1.1INTRODUCTION

Increase in the number of populations in major and metropolitan cities is leading to the rapid usage of vehicles, and therefore increasing the traffic level in different areas. Road congestion is the main cause for slower speed, longer waiting time, accidents and frustration. Therefore, to help to overcome such issues, we propose the initiation of Density-based Traffic Light using to reduce traffic through signal control. One major cause identified is traffic congestion. The traffic congestion trend needs to be monitored closely to ensure the development of infrastructure is carried out effectively. In addition to that, traffic congestion has been associated with longer waiting times, delays in travel time and may cause traffic violations. The routine Traffic light signals are set at certain timing and are not able to recognize road density. With the development of technology, the systems are turning smarts and more intelligent. The possibilities of remote controlling and monitoring are not a difficult task compared to a couple of years back. With the faster internet connectivity, the advanced systems are developed to transmit data at a very high speed. In present day scenario the problem of traffic congestion is becoming more serious day by day. As population increases continuously so does the number of vehicles. The underdeveloped infrastructure and inadequate distribution of development are inflicting various problems. Smart traffic light signals are required to cut back the traffic delay and travel times more importantly in developing countries. As current traffic systems are handled manually or using fixed timing systems. So we need smart and fast robust traffic handling systems. The lane on a junction which has additional number of vehicles the traffic light is made green and red for the rest sides until traffic on that lane is cleared. This would help in smooth movement of traffic and also increase comfort and driving safety of the travelers.With increase in number and variety of automobile on road, heavy traffic congestions are drastically increasing in major cities. This happens typically at the most junctions commonly during office hours and in the evenings, post office hours, when office people travel to home. The foremost effect of this situation is the increase in time wastage of the people on the road. The solution for this problem is coming with a totally different program with different delay settings for various junctions. At some junctions, generally even in the absence of jam packed traffic, people are compelled to wait. Since the traffic signals remain red for the set period of time, the road user has to wait till the lights turn to green. If they cross the road when the light is red, they are needed to pay fine. The answer to this drawback is coming up with a program that analyses traffic direction on every road and sets temporal order of signals accordingly. Also, time agreements of traffic signals in various junctions are additionally required. The proposed smart density based traffic light system handles the issues in very efficient way. In this, traffic is sense using digital IR Sensors and IR Sensors detect vehicles further based on the signal reflected from them. Sensors placed adjacent to the road to control the traffic density by changing traffic signal appropriately. All IR Sensors are interfaced with Arduino Nano and it reads data from IR Sensors. Traffic Signal for the system is designed using LEDs.

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER 2

2.1 OBJECTIVE

Ø To use various learning methods to model the system to identify the traffic density so it can make appropriate choices regarding traffic management.

Ø Based on the real time traffic density traffic lights are controlled automatically.

Ø In this, traffic is sense using digital IR Sensors and IR Sensors detect vehicles further based on the signal reflected from them.

Ø Sensors placed adjacent to the road to control the traffic density by changing traffic signal appropriately.

Ø All IR Sensors are interfaced with Arduino Nano and it reads data from IR Sensors. Traffic Signal for the system is designed using LEDs. Using this system development at traffic junction we need not to worry about handing the traffic manually and also consumes less time as compared to the conventional traffic system.

 

2.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

In today's life we have to face many problems, one of which being traffic congestion and it's becoming more serious day after day. Conventional traffic system does not have proper monitoring system and often requires manual handing at traffic junction. This not only causes mental stress in passengers but also lot of fuel goes wasted due to delay at traffic junction.

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