Course Content

In the field of automobile various aspects has been considered which makes vehicle automated. In this paper, considering the different features and the cost, on a small scale a threewheel vehicular robotic prototype has been designed that will follow the lane and avoid obstacles. Autonomous cars are a developing technology which may prove to be the next big evolution in personal transportation.

This report begins by describing the landscape and key players in the self-driving car market. Current capabilities, as well as limitation and opportunities of key enabling technologies, are reviewed, along with a discussion on the impact of such advances on society and the environment. Most impact, including reduced traffic and parking congestion, independent mobility for poor people, increased safety, and energy conservation and pollution reductions will only be significant when autonomous vehicles become common and affordable to common people. Raspberry Pi is the central processor of our Autonomous car. Various images are captured by the camera module, on this images various Image processing techniques are used to achieve Artificial Intelligence.  

A self-driving car (also known as an autonomous car or a driverless car) has no human input and can sense surrounding without any human interactions. Variety of sensors are combined and are used to identify the pathway, obstacles, pedestrians etc. from the surrounding. Benefit of having a driverless car is having reduced costs due to less wastage of fuel, increased safety, increased mobility, increased customer satisfaction etc. Safety benefits means we will be having reduced traffic collisions, lower accident rate reducing injuries and related costs such as, insurance. Automated cars could increase traffic flow by having proper routine mobility from source and destination, providing mobility for children, the elderly, disabled, and the poor who cannot operate the non-autonomous vehicles. Travelers could relieve their stress from driving and navigation issues when they go to a unknown city, reduce needs for parking space, lower fuel consumption, reduce crime and facilitate transportation as service like convert existing vehicles such as taxi, train buses to fully automated for the people. Between manually driven vehicles which are referred to as (SAE Level 0) and fully autonomous vehicles referred to as (SAE Level 5) we have wide range of vehicles that are classified in these SAE range. These are known as semi-automated vehicles. These were developed before fully automation could come in exitance.

These were iterative approach done for semi automating a car for example some parts get automated. These semi-automated vehicles could take some properties of fully automated vehicles, while still keeping driver in charge of the vehicle they operate. Since the cars rely on a preprogrammed code primarily. The traffic light, sudden pedestrians contact on road, is secondary data they need to process. Hence, they tend travelling slower for processing these extra scenarios. The vehicle sometime might have difficulty when determining certain objects such as light debris, trash, when humans such as police officers are signaling the vehicle to stop, spotting potholes on the road is also sometimes difficult hence avoiding them becomes not possible. Advantages could include higher speed limits with smoother rides since these have better control of vehicle and can view larger distance then a human high and can increase the roadway capacity and minimized(reduce) traffic congestion caused due to decreased need for safety gaps between vehicles travelling at higher speeds.

CONCLUSION

We addressed the problem of non-autonomous vehicles with the proposed system which reduces the human work of operating the vehicle. Furthermore, we also notice that the given system performance is much better than an average user. Since the performance is better and always consistence, we hereby come to a conclusion that the proposed system can solve the basic human error that occurs Future work that can be added to this project may be the development of a web app. Here the user can operate when the vehicle encounters two pathways to reach common destination the user can interact though a web app. Also, the user can get suggestion of nearby places to visit also though this app.