An important requirement of electric power distribution systems is the need for automatic operation. In particular, the rapid and reliable transfer of the system from one power source to another during certain system events is important to achieving the reliability goals for such systems and the facility serves.The need of electricity is increasing day by day and the frequent power cuts of electricity are causing many problems in different areas like banks, colleges/schools, hospitals, houses and industries. Thus there is a requirement for an alternate arrangement of power supply. This arrangement can be designed by using microcontroller. When a source, say mains fails the supply will shift to next source generator and so on. LED can be used to show that which source is used to provide the supply.
For a very long time, power outages, power interrupts and also unexpected routine power line maintenance is one of the major problems faced in industries, hospitals, offices, and homes whole over the world. For that case, this project provides an automatic operation of electrical power distribution systems; the rapid and reliable transfer of the system from one power source to another during specific events such as power outages, power interrupts, routine power line maintenance, to achieve the reliability of such systems Electrical power supply is one of the primary essential needs of human life today, that is to say, without electrical power supply, most human works become stand still, postponed and even cancelled since most human actions are dependent on the electrical power supply. Furthermore, the need for power supply through access to electricity by the masses of the population of any country, both developed and developing countries is very important to the development of the economy of that particular country. In other words, the power sector plays an essential role in the socio-economic development of any country.
Therefore, this project provides a practical solution to provide an alternative power supply or uninterrupted power supply in automated mode to the load during frequent power cuts or in cases where power cuts or power outages cannot be avoided.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
This project uses an arrangement where fourdifferent sources of supply are channelized to a load to have an uninterrupted operation of the load. As it is not practicable to get four sources of supply such as mains supply, wind supply, thermal supply and solar supply, we use relays only. The project has taken one source of 230v mains supply and assumed as if being fed from 4 different sources by connecting all the four incoming sources in parallel as seen in the schematic circuit diagram. The ac source to the lamp is connected to relay 1 to relay 2 to relay 3 and relay four by making the entire ‘NO’ (normally open) contacts parallel and all the typicalcontacts in parallel. Four push button switches representing a failure of corresponding supply such as mains, wind,thermal, solar are respectively connected to port 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7.
CONCLUSION
This project of AUTOMATIC POWER SUPPLY FROM FOUR DIFFERENTSOURCES (Solar, Mains, Wind, and Thermal) USING A MICROCONTROLLER is used to handle power supply from mains, solar, wind and thermal most effectively. The outline of the project is the selection of supply from mains, solar, wind and thermal automatically using microcontroller concept. he significance of this project lies in the various and wide places of applications such as; schools, hospitals, and most especially manufacturing industries and mining industries where a continuous supply of power is vital.
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